SOx

Most of the oxides of sulphur (SOx) emissions from our operations come from our metal smelters, although some are also produced from coal burning. This is because sulphur is one of the components of the ore, when it is put into the smelter. During the smelting process, the metal is separated from it, and this can then result in the remaining oxides of sulphur being emitted through the smelter chimney, unless steps are taken to intercept it and transform into a more environmentally friendly product.

Emissions of oxides of sulphur have been associated with impacts on human health such as asthma, and it is also a cause of acid rain in the northern hemisphere. 

How we minimise the health risks

We are often able to capture and convert these oxides for use in refining and other industrial purposes. For instance, at Kennecott Utah Copper in the US, the oxides are converted into agricultural fertiliser for the Utah potato farmers. However, the efficiency of the capture equipment varies across our Group and depends on the smelter's age and type.

But we also identify and try to minimise all air pollutant emissions and their potential impacts by applying our Air Quality Control Standard.  We assess and prioritise them according to the significance of their impact, and then design and put in place the right emissions controls to ensure protection of ambient air quality.

Our results

• In 2006, emissions of oxides of sulphur decreased by 12 per cent compared to the previous year.
• This decrease was mainly due to improved sulphur capture technologies at Palabora (installed during a major plant shut-down in February 2006) which also contributed to an decrease in emissions generally.