Rio Tinto owns equity interests in a number of operations over which it does not have management control. Our ability to identify and manage social and environmental risks at these operations and improve performance is, therefore, more limited. Nevertheless, our association with them places responsibilities on Rio Tinto, including duties to minimise risk, guard reputation and assist in improving social and environment performance.

We seek to ensure that non managed companies have a clear understanding of Rio Tinto's expectations and that similar standards are applied at both our managed and non managed operations. We influence management of operations over which we do not have control by:

• sharing knowledge and monitoring performance through representation on boards and committees of operating companies;
• providing for staff exchange between managed and non managed operations;
• conducting regular site visits and joint audits and reviews;
• requiring non managed businesses to complete internal assurance questionnaires; and
• reviewing new investment decisions on the basis that new plans and their implementation will meet our expectations.

More details on:

Location of our non managed operations.