The Rössing Uranium mine in southwest Africa is undertaking an assessment to characterise the mine's current contribution to sustainable development in Namibia. Based on this study, future scenarios for either closure or expansion of the mine are being assessed considering an integrated set of economic, social and environmental factors. The project incorporates an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process that incorporates public participation. Issues of potential impact relate to water availability, social aspects related to the HIV/AIDS pandemic and poverty, and the future economic stability of the local township of Arandis.